IMO, it's not "every iOS develop should know," it's rather almost everything the iOS ecosystem offers.

As another commenter mentioned, Foundation is not presented correctly: String and others are all parts of the STD, whereas Foundation contains other vital instruments, like URL and URLSession, Date and DateFormatter, FileManager, UserDefaults, and so on.

CoreData is a bit too late to mention: SwiftData's been gaining momentum to replace it. Almost the same can be said about Combine: It's rarely updated and less frequently used nowadays after introducing a myriad of SwiftUI property wrappers, Observation and the structured concurrency.

And everything in the second part of the list is, IMO, pretty much special instruments that are needed mostly only in special cases, and a huge part of programmers for the Apple ecosystem can live without them.